Niels Bohr was born on October 7, 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark. After completing his secondary school career, he entered the University of Copenhagen in 1903. Bohr received his Master's and doctorate there while working on the electron theory of various metals. Bohr studied with J.J. Thompson and then Ernest Rutherford. In fact, Rutherford became the role model for Niels Bohr with regards to his research techniques. He wrote various papers on the structure of the atom. He was the first physicist to theorize and discover that the structure of an atom is in fact very small. In 1916, he became the chairman of theoretical physics at the University of Copenhagen. The college specifically built an Institute of Theoretical Physics for him. After the opening, he became its head until his death. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1922 for his study of atomic radiation and complex atomic structures. Bohr's theories dealing with quantum mechanics became the standard for the scientific community. His theories progressed as more contributions were made to the field. When World War II began, Bohr had to flee Denmark for Englere where he joined the nuclear fission bomb project. Soon after, Niels Bohr flew to the United States and joined the Manhattan Project in New Mexico. After the atomic bomb's creation, he furiously lobbied for constructive and peaceful uses of atomic energy. In 1957, Bohr was awarded the first U.S. Atoms for Peace Award for his efforts. Niels Bohr died on November 18, 1962 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Niels Bohr theorized and was able to prove that the internal structure of a nucleus is a complex, compound structure inside an atom. Bohr helped to develop the theory of nuclear fission with the assistance of his colleague John Wheeler. Fission is the process where a large atom is split up into two smaller ones while releasing a large amount of energy in the process. Some particular atoms can go through this process after various chemical reactions. However, some atoms go through this process naturally. Bohr was the first person to show that the isotope, uranium-235 can go through fission by way of neutron creation and not the normal atom, uranium-238. Another atom that can go through this process is plutonium-239. With the creation of neutrons during the fission process, the possibility exists of creating a chain reaction that will continue the fission process exponentially. The neutrons emitted from the reaction will strike the produced nuclei and create more neutrons and more nuclei and so on exponentially. If this chain reaction were an uncontrolled one, then the result would be a release of energy and thus a large explosion. If the chain reaction is in a controlled environment, then the released energy can be harnessed by human beings and be used to do work. The refined uranium-235 is not easy to find in nature. Plutonium-239 cannot be found in nature, but it can be produced in laboratories in large quantities. The research of Niels Bohr made him a prominent figure in the Manhattan Project and the creation of the atomic bombs. Also, with the discovery of atomic energy, the world was given a valuable new tool for creating and harnessing energy. In retrospect, it can be said that Niels Bohr unraveled the complex web of the heavy metal atoms (including uranium and plutonium). He was able to solve the mysteries of the chain reaction process and open the door to atomic energy.

Bohr was one of the creators of the atomic bomb and atomic energy. In addition, his research of the atom helped to give the scientific community a better picture of the internal structure and various processes of an atom. His contributions helped to move the world into the nuclear age, and his efforts to curtail its use for negative purposes will assure him a place in history.