Isaac Newton was born on December 25, 1642 in Lincolnshire, England. He was a boy who never knew his father. He spent most of his young life in the care of various relatives until he was pulled out of grammar school by his mother in 1656 due to the death of his stepfather. Amazingly his teacher regarded him as lazy and not very attentive during classes. At the prodding of his uncle, Newton entered Trinity College at Cambridge. His main focus while at the college was to attain a law degree but he became very interested in mathematics and Copernican astronomy. During a two year layoff from college Newton made great advances in the sciences especially in the field of mathematics. This layoff was due to the arrival of the great plague in 1665. In 1669, Isaac Newton became the Lucasian Chair and professor in the area of optics. He became a fellow of the Royal Society three years later. In the later years of his life, Newton took only a few hours to solve a mathematical problem that was sent to him by the great mathematician Bernoulli, who had been confused by the problem for over six months. He published several books that explained his mathematical and scientific conclusions, and these works have been revered for centuries. In 1693, he became the Warden of the Royal Mint and in 1699 he was the Master of the mint. From 1703 and to his death, Isaac Newton was the president of the Royal Society. In 1708, he became Sir Isaac Newton and the first scientist to be given this honor for his endeavors. Sir Isaac Newton died on March 31, 1727 in London.

Isaac Newton basically invented the whole concept of integration and differentiation in mathematics. In other words, he made the mathematical discipline of calculus famous. After the time of Aristotle almost every scientist believed that white light was simply one color. However, Newton argued that white light is made up of a spectrum of colors and that can be proved by refracting the light at various angles. In addition, Newton was able to explain the eccentricity of comets and how the Sun's gravity affected the orbit of the Moon around the Earth. His greatest accomplishments were made in the area of physics. In 1666, he had already formulated his three laws of motion which are still in use today. Newton also discovered the centripetal force on an object that is being spun uniformly in a circle. Newton gave the scientific community a greater understanding about the force of gravity than anyone in history. He created the inverse-square law that suggested that the gravity of the Earth influenced the Moon and its movements by balancing its centripetal force as it revolves around the Earth. These claims were debated by scientists such as Hooke until Halley (the discoverer of Halley's Comet) convinced Newton to publish his physics laws with its ties to astronomy in the book Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica. This book has been called the greatest book of science ever written. In this book, Newton described his Law of Universal Gravitation which states: "All matter attracts all other matter with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them."

Although Sir Isaac Newton did not discuss relativity directly; he was certainly one of the founding fathers with his many laws of motion. His work allowed those who followed to advance the theory of relativity on into modern times.