IV. INFECTIONS AND INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

Infection is what happens when the body is invaded by some pathogenic microorganism.

Inflammation is a localized protectove response elicited by injury or destruction of tissue, which eradicates, walls off, dilutes, the injurious agent and the injured tissue. In its acute form it is characterized by redness (rubor), pain (dolor), tumor (swelling), and heat (calor).

A. EXAMPLES OF INFECTIONS AND INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

LXXIX. An immature adult's innominate bone, medial surface, demonstrates an area of inflammtory reaction, non specific in nature.

CVI. On the tibia's anterior surface in a young adult a rounded, umbilicated lesion with edges of hardened bone appears to arise from the medullary cavity and extend outward. This is most likely an osteoid osteoma, and as such is usually considered of infectious origin.

CXXVa. A fragment of the external surface of the parietal area in an adult skull. These is ongoing osteomyelitis manifested by changes in the bone's surface. A line of demarcation between the normal and diseased bone is on the right side. This is the result of non-lethal antemortem scapling.

CCXVb. The medial surface of the bone demonstrates inflammatory reaction to the process on the lateral surface. The purpose of this is to aid the repair process by increasing the blood supply to the affected area. This is manifest by dilitation of all the tiny capillaries penetrating the bone.

CXXVII. The conoid ligament tubercle is more prominent than usual, perhaps on the basis of use.

CLVIX. Old, chronic osteomyelitis of the distal tibia accompanies multiple old subperiostial hemorrhages. These are smooth, round swellings on the tibial surface.

CCVIIa. Views of the external

CCVIIb. and internal surfaces of a skull which had undergone scalping some time antemortem. Osteomyelitis in the healing stage is visible. The medial surface of the skull shows the vascular engorgement which accompanies the repair process. (refer to ante-mortem trauma)

CCXLII. A tibia with multiple holes in the surface through which pus used to drain. There is inflammatory in the bone surrounding. These are the picture associated with osteomyelitis of the tibia.

CCLII. Lesions in the anterior surface of the mid-tibia present the appearance of osteomyelitis. Because this location is unusual for the usual childhood osteomyleitis, the specimen in point could be the result of physical trauma.

CCXLVI. The pubic symphysis demonstrates quite severe osteitis pubis.

CCLXIX. An adult tibia demonstrates marked swelling, roughness, multiple sinuses in the surface, and grossly is shaped similar to a sabre shin. A radiograph demonstrates marked thickness of the outer and inner cortises, and general loss of the normal architecture.

CCCIII. A skull with very wide nasal aperture, and changes in the right maxillary sinus compatible with chronic paranasal sinus disease. This is hypothesized to represent allergy, nasal polyposis, and chronic sinusitis.

CCCXXXIX. A tibia with configuration suggesting a sabre shin. (B&W)

CCCLXVIII. Radius with inflammatory reaction in and around the radial tuberosity. No cause was found.

CCCXLIX. An inflammatory lesion in the posterior surface of the distal femur. This is hypothesized to be inflammatory as opposed to neoplastic.

CCCXLVII. In the lateral aspect of an adult humerus there is an oval shaped, elongated, umbilicated lesion with edges of hardened bone that appears to arise from the medullary cavity and extend outward. This is most likely an osteoid osteoma.

[11] The left femur has a much accentuated linea aspera on its posterior surface. This probably resulted from muscle markings.

[26] The ischial tuberosity with an area of osteitis in it. There was nothing to suggest its cause and no complications from it.

[36] A large schmorl's nodule is in the midpotion of a thoracic vertebra. There is also marked osteoporosis of the vertebral body.

[58] Juvenile osteomyelitis as manifested by a sinus draining from the upper tibial medullary cavity to the outside. There are remnants of subperiostial hematomata on the surface of the bone. (refer to metabolic and nutritional problems)

[62] In the area of the sacroiliac synchondrosis on the left side there is a island of inflammatory reaction which is well localized. There is no specifisity to the process.

[72] On the anterior tibial surface in the proximal portion there is a slightly raised lesion. It is non-specific, appears to be inflammatory.

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