[The following is a recording of speakers at the awards ceremony for the winning designs for the Indian Memorial at the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, Montana. Some speakers use the Lakota, Cheyenne, etc. languages at times, but they are left out. Certain words and phrases are kept here if they are more commonly known, or translated by the speakers themselves.]

[As the recording begins, drums and singing are in progress, with crowd noise in the background.] [Music ends, recording stops, then resumes. Crowd noise, lasting throughout.]

GB: [Gerard Baker.] Good afternoon. We still have chairs yet, people who are sitting? I'd like to introduce myself, first of all. My name is Gerard Baker, my Indian name is _____. I am from the Three Affiliated Tribes based on my culture, Mandaree, North Dakota. I am the Superintendent of Little Bighorn Battlefield Monument. I am also the designated federal official for the Memorial. Before we start activities today, I'd like to ask ... Mr. Lee Lone Bear to open up with a prayer for us, please.

LLB: [Lee Lone Bear.] I'm going to ask Steve to bless the people here all in prayer. So, bear with me, I'm going to pray in my own dialect. I speak Cheyenne, although I'm of different tribes... so, pray in your own minds. We're very thankful for the, uh ... awards that are going to be given today, and, and for the people that, that have, uh, created designs and ... and pictures. So, also pray for the sick people at home. And people have traveled ... a long way, especially to the pow wow. We have a lot of people at the pow wow and probably get ... I think more in the next few days. [Long Pause.] [Mr. Lone Bear gives the prayer in Cheyenne.] Thank you. Mitakuye oyasin. [Pause.]

GB: [Gerard Baker.] I would at this time like to introduce, to start the program off, what we do in Indian Country. And that is like what we do all over the nation, is to honor our country and honor our veterans who fought for our lives and for our future generations. So at this time I would like to have you all stand, we will sing the Flag Song. First of all from the Lame Deer, Montana, Flag Song, followed by the Arikara Scouts from Le- uh, from White Shield, North Dakota. [Flag Song preformed by the Arikara Scouts.] Also from the Lakota Nation, their Flag Song, I'd like to, uh, have him come up here, Mr. Steve Emery. [Long pause.] [Coughing.]

SE: [Steve Emery.] [Mr. Emery speaks in Lakota.] [Flag song by Steve Emery.] [Mr. Emery speaks in Lakota.]

GB: [Gerard Baker.] The two drums we have today, came from a long distance to be here. I'd like to, first of all, introduce the lead singers for both groups, first one is from Lame Deer, Lame Deer, Montana, Mr. Philip Whiteman Sr.. [Applause.] The second group is coming from White Shield, North Dakota, on the Ft. Berthold Reservation as the Arikara Scout Singers, lead singer, Mr. Donald Malnourie. [Applause.] It would be a great pleasure this afternoon to introduce to you ... the Director of the Intermountian Field Area, Mr. John Cook. [Applause.]

JC: [John Cook.] Thank you Gerard. This is a continuum of momentous times that have evolved over the past few years with regard to ... the Little Bighorn Battlefield Area. ...I want to take a moment to thank Mr. Andy Masich, the acting president of the Colorado Historical Society and Museum, and David Hallis, uh, who helped with the Dog Soldier, or coordinated the Dog Soldier exhibit next door, for their fine cooperation and great last minute help in putting this together. I think it is extremely, uh, important that as many people as possible to have the opportunity to, to view the things that will take place here. I'd also like to take a moment to ... reflect upon and to thank, 'cause this is the only talk you're going to hear from me except introducing folks, is to thank Gerard Baker, Barbara Sutteer, and Dennis Ditmanson, the three most recent, and current, our current and two most recent superintendents who, in fact, really began a new era of sensitivity at that national monument. And they have not always had the opportunity, and still Gerard does not have the pleasure of being able to live ... in the light of the slogan that Leonard and this fine committee of "Peace Through Unity". I think it speaks well of the whole intent of the Indian Memorial that in fact it is our desire to recognize all of the combatants at the Battle and to do so in a "Peace Through Unity" manner. This gives me the opportunity, and leads into... my first introduction. And that is someone who is very special to all of us. It matters not what your political affiliation is, if you are in fact American Indian, or if you have interest in American Indian issues we have one representative in the United States Congress, and that is Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell. Ben, we're delighted to have you here today, I want to thank you for coming, and I ask if there are any of the representatives of the other congressional offices and if so, would you please identify yourselves, because I missed you. ...Well, Ben, thank you, and, and I would ask if you'd just come up and say a few words and I'd like you to stay after you do to help me with a little project here. [Applause.]

BNC: [Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell.] I'm, uh, absolutely delighted to be here, and particularly happy to see some of my own relatives down from, uh, Lame Deer. I thought it was very fitting that Lee Lone Bear gave the Invocation, uh, for you see Lee was a, is a direct descendant of the great Cheyenne Chief, Black Kettle. And if you know the history of the Cheyenne and the history of Colorado, Black Kettle's band and, in, uh, eighteen sixty-nine, only about a two and a half hour drive from here, down the southeastern part of this state was decimated by the Colorado Volunteers under Colonel Chivington and although, uh, Black Kettle managed to survive that massacre, he was killed within a, just about two years later upon the Washatah by General Custer's, uh, Seventh Calvary who, uh, attacked him at dawn playing Gary Owen. And so, I thought it was very fitting that Lee was, uh, here to give the Invocation. Many of our, uh, Cheyenne brothers are, are members of the societies in, of the northern Cheyenne and the Council of, uh, Chiefs and I don't know of any time since I've been in public office where I've gotten my ... I can used this phrase, batteries recharged more than when I go home and spend time with them in the, uh, Great Lodge, the tipi, uh, just around a campfire among the society members talking about, uh, where we've come from and where we need to go as a people and what we need to train our children to do. I'm also particular happy to see Barbara Sutteer, here, who was the superintendent when we were fighting this through congress, this, uh, this, uh, bill, which I was the prime sponsor of, as you probably know, to, uh, change the name. And, uh, Barbara may be diminutive in size, but she, uh, stood up to a lot of, uh, uh, heat when, uh, she was on front lines up there when people were writing angry letters about her and criticizing here in parks almost every day, uh, raising a devil with her for leading the charge, if I can use that phrase, in changing that name. The story of the monument change, though, goes back much further than any of that are in this room today. And I, I like to think that actually started in eighteen seventy-six, on that june day when, uh, not long after ... the, uh, the, uh, battle at the Little Big Horn that, uh, people, Indian People began to say, uh, tell stories about it. Those stories were handed down, father to son and uncle to nephew, but very of it was recorded. And because very little of it was recorded the story that hear, mostly, was written by the non-indian authors. And obviously in anybody's history the people that can write tend to slant history towards their own goals. And sometimes it distorts, it distorts a picture. But there's always another side to those stories, and the indian people here are the other side. As early as about nineteen thirty Indian began to write to the federal government and the park service and ask them why no Indians were memorialized on that battlefield because the original monument was, uh, was, uh, built before that. And so, uh, when I got into it. It was in eighteen, uh, excuse me- [Laughter.] -nineteen seventy-six. I'm old, but not that old. I've known of it, been home a lot, I guess I didn't get really motivated until about nineteen seventy-six, those of you who are my age group, even a little younger, you remember that we had the one hundredth anniversary of the Custer Battle. And, uh, we were camped about twenty miles, uh, towards Lame Deer from the, uh, battlefield on Austin Two Moons ranch. Austin Two Moons was a Cheyenne spiritual person, and, uh, chief who came from a line of hereditary chiefs. In fact, it was his granddad who was the, the leader of the Cheyenne contingent in that battle, Chief Two Moons. And I was, uh, there with a newsman who was documenting it. I was really interested in that, because, the whole time we were in camp, uh, that june of nineteen, uh, seventy-six, uh, periodically military helicopters would go over our camp and take photographs out of the windows. And we noticed on some of the far away mountains there were command cars with, with, uh, telescopes watching us all the time. And I asked some people what it was about and I was told, in nineteen seventy-six, as you can imagine, was alerted that there may a uprising or a disturbance. [Laughter.] But that really bothered me because I'm an american like everybody in this room. And I thought that, that was really kind of an infringement on my rights that I would be considered guilty or considered, uh, as, as subversive when I didn't do anything. The morning of that we were going to commemorate the battle, Austin Two Moons had gone to battlefield to pray. And, by the way, that commemorative was not to gloat or to brag. Uh, when Austin did these prayers to which all Indian people were always invited, he always did them from a manner to pray to the Creator that we are still here. That we should live in peace and unity and harmony. That our families should grow strong and healthy, and get along with each other. But none of the prayer services were done in sort of a vindictive manner, to gloat the fact that the Indians had won that battle, and the soldiers had lost. It was never done in that manner, but the morning that we wanted to go over to the battlefield in nineteen seventy-six, we were told we couldn't go alone. But if we went, we would have to go in a car caravan and be supervised by, uh, police or the Guard helicopters. And so we did, do what were told. And we went over to the battlefield that morning, uh, June, the twenty-sixth, uh, nineteen seventy-six, one hundred years after the battle. And, uh, we were told to park in a certain place. I assumed it was so we could get the cars in and out without any trouble, because there was so many people from all over the world, from all over Europe, in fact, where they were to document it and to do stories about it. But the newsman wanted to go back to the Indian camp a little early for the flag raising at the Indian camp on Austin's ranch, so we left a little bit before the rest of the people did. Just in time to find federal authorities going through our cars. Searching our cars, writing down the license plates, and taking registration forms off the steering wheels and so on, but only to the cars that the Indian people had come in, and nobody else. And I said to myself, well, I'm not the first one wanting to fight, but if I ever got the opportunity to do something about it, I'm going to do it. And that opportunity, of course, came when I got in congress, and was lead by me and four people before me. In nineteen, um, eighty-eight. As an example, if you go to the battlefield now, you'll find in their archives, a large metal plaque. And it was, uh, done with welding solid steel. And there was, there was a welded saying on it, it was signed by George Magpie. It's on display up on the battlefield now, George Magpie is the member of the Cheyenne societies, of the Red Shield Societies. And so, uh, that group that was led by some of the, uh, American Indian Movement, they just climbed over the fence one night and said, "the heck with this we're gonna put some kind of a plaque and a monument up for our people, too." Said, "we'll have people honored on the battlefield as the-" [Recording ends.]

END OF SIDE ONE, TAPE ONE.

BEGINNING OF SIDE TWO, TAPE ONE.

BNC: [Mr. Nighthorse Campbell continues, uninterrupted, as recording resumes.] -Think of the, of, of the, the real effort to make some change. Uh, we introduced a bill, uh, the two congressmen from Montana and me, the first time around in nineteen ninety-one, as I remember, but because of some disagreement between them, we didn't get it passed in nineteen ninety-one. And then in the next congress I went ahead and introduced it myself. And we did manage to get it through. But to show you the good intentions of the good people of Montana, that bill was supported by virtually everybody. By the governor of Montana, but the Montana State Legislature, by, uh, the, uh, obviously all of the tribes of Montana, by the Chambers of Commerce, by the county commissioners, it was virtually supported by everybody in Montana. And I think that told us that the, that the majority of people in that state, and indeed the West, are recognized that time has come to give equal honor to the Indian people who have been denied that so long. So, I just, uh, wanted to try and come today to, uh, offer support to all those people who were involved in that quest long before I was and to say thank you for all the effort and hard work. It was an easier role, but obviously, uh, nothing is. When you talk about massive social change or, or changing the name of even a, uh, uh, an area like a, like a monument, it requires an awful lot of work on part, on an awful lot of people and many of them are sitting in this audience. I thank you so much. [Applause.]

LB: [Dr. Leonard Bruguier.] Everybody have coffee? [Laughter.] It's good for you because it'll keep you brown. [Laughter.] And I know everybody wants me to be short, because we've got a lot of good things to eat. Uh... I'm supposed to give some brief remarks, here ... uh, I want to thank my, uh, my, uh, younger brother for coming down here and singing that Sioux victory song. Uh, and if you want to know the words to them, uh, you should talk to him. It's something, it goes something like, the Seventh Calvary came charging, the Seventh Calvary is crying. And that's what we're here for today is to bring them back together and bring them, bring them back with us, uh, Siouxs. Uh, I want to thank my brother, I know he's got his family back there, uh, I want to thank him. Uh, another thing, too, you know, uh, Indians were, uh, the Moccasin Telegraph, and sometimes we're kind of late. Uh, I-I left Vermillion wednesday and I called back, and here, uh, there was a message for me, uh, Dora Shoots Off Bruguier, uh, called and she wanted to come down here. So I said, "geez, I don't know if I could do that." And, uh, so I, you know, I had to come, so I come on down here. And this morning I had to get up real early to do some stuff, so I left my hotel room and I was doing some stuff, and I got back to the office, or back to my room, and I turned on my machine and they said, "hey, Grandma Dora's at the Greyhound Bus Station!" [Pause for laughter.] "Geez! I don't know what to do!" [Pause for laughter.] So I, I ran over there, ran to the bus station, I ran through there and she wasn't there. So I said, "you know, one thing about us Indians, where ever we go in this world, we know we're human beings, we'll be alright." So when I come over here, she was here. [Laughter.] And then- [Pause for laughter.] Them Indians never travel alone either, she brought her friend down from Eagle Butte, in Eagle Butte, South Dakota. So I want to really thank my grandma, you know, she gave me, uh, my Indian name, "Tahunska Tanka". That was her husbands name. And that, it's translated, uh, "Big Leggings Bruguier". There's my grandma, down there. [Applause.] She's a, she's a deacon in the Episcopal Church, and when I got my Ph.D, uh, she put my hood on me, so then when she got hers for church she asked me to go there so I have the honor of doing that for her, too. So, I really appreciate that, grandma. Uh, she's got to go back to do Palm Sunday, uh, up at Eagle Butte and Cherry Creek and all over up there where she works. And won't tell you her age. Maybe if you ask her that she'll tell you that. [Laughter.] But she does very well, and I appreciate that. She gave me that name, and it was her husbands, uh, Tahunska Tanka, Big Leggings, Big Leggings Bruguier, uh, was working for the highest bidder at, uh, Little Bighorn in eighteen seventy-six. And, uh, he, he could speak about ten, ten, twelve different languages. So, he's pretty valuable, and he could read and he helped a lot of people, and, uh, and that's where I, I knew Mr. Two Moons, because, uh, my great-great-great uncle, Bruguier, uh, was with, uh, Two Moons and helped him come out and maybe saved him from being slaughtered by the calvary back in those days, in the winter, maybe starved to death. So that's Johnnie Bruguier. Uh, the other thing that I wanted to say, too, is that I want to ask the, uh, advisory committee to come up here, they have a special, uh, they have two specials they want to do. So I'm going to ask the advisory committee to come forward.

AA: [Arthur Amiotte.] Throughout the last, what was it, four years, three years? There have been many people that have assisted us very greatly on a, uh, particular level which is, this is just, uh ... the dynamics of enabling us to get together and to be able to, uh, to complete our tasks. And, um, we particularity want to recognize two individuals who are extremely helpful, who gave up themselves, and their time overwhelmingly, uh, on behalf of this committee and it's work. At this time, on-on behalf of the committee I would like to, um, to call Chris Jones up, please, if he's here? [Applause.]

LB: [Dr. Leonard Bruguier.] He's probably working, I think he's ... he's driving.

?: [A member of the audience.] He's still travelling.

AA: [Arthur Amiotte.] He's still travelling. Okay, Barbara Sutteer, could you come up here and please act- Barbara? Could you come and accept this on Chris' behalf? This is an original limited addition print of my own great grandfather who participated at the Battle of Little Bighorn at the age of seventeen, was a colleague and friend of Two Moons and attended the nineteen twenty-six, uh, uh, fiftieth annual reunion and is indeed, uh, appears right here... [Laughter.] Right here. [Laughter from L. Bruguier.] And we ... we want to thank, uh, we want to thank, uh, Chris for all the help he's given us.

BS: [Barbara Sutteer.] Thank you, on behalf of Chris.

AA: [Arthur Amiotte.] An additional person, uh ... that we wish to thank, having made arrangements is, is Dawn Carey, please? Would you come forward? [Applause.] ...Kevin wishes to give you one of his limited addition prints.

LB: [Dr. Leonard Bruguier.] Oh ... oh...

DC: [Dawn Carey.] [Drums, applause.] Thank you very much. [Applause.]

LB: [Dr. Leonard Bruguier.] Uh, I really wanted to thank the senator, too--Did he leave?. You know, one of his, one of the people he worked with is in our audience today, too, uh, Kimberly Craven, uh, Kimberly? Are you still here? Kimberly, will you stand, please? And little daughter back there, too. [Applause.] She was with the original meeting in nineteen eighty-nine at, um, at Little Bighorn with Dennis Ditmanson and Lorraine _____, all that. And I know that, uh, it was for the F.B.I., C.I.A., B.I.A., all of those spies in nineteen seventy-six, before the, uh, before the, uh, uh, casinos? You could always spot Indian cars because of the brand on their tires. Their brand is "No Hunting and No Trespassing". [Laughter.] That's-that's a really old joke I got to- [Laughter.] I got to get me another one. Um, they me to write a historical speech, and I-I can't think of any, but, um, I really have to, um, uh, it ... it's difficult for me, because, uh, in my heart ... Two Moons and Poor Bear are still here. And I have an ego that's really big. But I have to subliminate that ego because, uh, uh, they spoke the truth ... in nineteen eighty-nine. So, I always like to think that I, that I, I don't speak for them, I interpret the feeling they left with me. So I speak for people, and we're a people of many colors, we are a people of many cultures, but we are human beings, we can never forget that. And I speak for a vision, I speak for a dream. One hundred and twenty-one years ago our people ... the Cheyenne and the Arapahos, and the Siouxs ... we were gathered up there, in what we called the "Greasy Grass" ... and we were enjoying what ... Uncimaka, "Grandmother Earth", she gave us ... she gave us that sage, she gave us that sweet grass, she gave us that cedar ... and there's tobacco ... and she put that in the air so it perfumed it for us. So when we were there, we were living like she wanted us to. And she put us with other Nations, too. She put us with the Buffalo Nation. ...Today, we need to remember and we need to help our Buffalo relative. Our relatives... She gave us the horse, she gave us the dog, and we were there. And we were thanking her in those ways we know how, those ways that we still do. In the Sun Dance, Inipi, "Sweat Lodge", and our prayers and our songs and our music and in our life. We did put ... she gave us, because it was good for us. Hundred and twenty-one years ago, the people from the East they came... They came there, where we were. ...They came with the Arikaras and the Crows. ...And they interrupted what we were doing. ...And some things, uh, happened there that weren't good. But we're here today, we're here today to help that healing process. To heal those hurts. To help ... all those of you whose relatives were there, and maybe got killed, and maybe got hurt. ...And you never forgot, and stayed in your families. One hundred and twenty years, a hundred a twenty-one years ... we didn't have anything up there. The warriors went back there, and they put a plaque there. They put it there. And today we're going to put something up there. We're going to honor some people that ... made their prayers ... and researched and dreamed with us, and put it on paper, and sent it to us. They shared with us. So, the dream, while it come from us Indians, is a shared dream. And it's appropriate that we mention Mr. Austin Two Moons, Mr. Enis Poor Bear ... Ogalala Lakota ... for they're the two men who passed this dream on, this vision. They're the men who made the prayers. They're the men that took two parts of their lives and put it together. Austin Two Moons reached peace, Mr. Enis Poor Bear said, "in unity, we have power." So, I wanted to remember them, too. We ... asked the Secretary of the Interior to do something that we all overlooked until, maybe, a week ago. You know, you look at our advisory committee, citizens of this country, volunteered their time, gave us their expertise ... and worked to bring this phase to a close. But, if you look on the names ... there's only one thing of those two men, and that's "peace through unity". So, we asked the Secretary, and we asked Mr. Cook ... to make Austin Two Moons and Enis Poor Bear honorary members of our committee. But, they're not honorary ... they're leaders. They're the spiritual leaders of our committee. So, I'm very happy to have everybody here today, it always happens that way, when there's something good, when there is something that is blessed, when there's something that comes from the heart ... good heart people come. So I want to thank you for that. [Pause.] I mentioned a phase, another phase that we have to enter into. We have found a design that we're going to put our love ... we're going to build it with love ... and heart, and spirit for the next generations to come. One of the people that is going to help us in that next phase, in that fund raising phase is Mr. John Maddy from the National Park Foundation. They volunteered to help us do this. So, as he comes forward to this podium when he has his hands out, I want you to slap twenty dollars into it. [Laughter.] Mr. Maddy. [Applause.]

JM: [John Maddy.] Where's the twenty dollars? [Laughter.]

LB: [Dr. Leonard Bruguier.] I guess I got it started.

JM: [John Maddy.] I'll be very brief, uh, is it ... it is a, uh, privilege and an honor to be invited here tonight to, uh, help in some small way. The, uh, National Park Foundation was created by the United States Congress and it is chaired by Secretary Bruce Babbit. John Cook and Ron Everhart and Gerard Baker, uh, ask us if we could us the, uh, expertise and the, uh, uh, fund raising, uh, abilities of the National Park Foundation to, uh, first, uh, to, uh, provide the funds for the awards that we're going to get in just a little bit, and then once they saw that, uh, we were actually available to do that they asked us to, uh, see if we could keep going and see, uh, see what we could do about leading a national effort to raise the funds to actually, uh, pay for the construction of the completion of this memorial. So, uh, I think they-they probably invited me today because they wanted to encourage me to be enthusiastic about that and I do have to tell you that hearing the drums and hearing the singing and listening to the prayers, um ... certainly do the trick and, uh, I am very enthusiastic about this. I know our chairman, Secretary Babbit is, uh, very pleased that, uh, we've been able to, uh, uh, make this much progress and be able to make the commitment to do the fundraising. I think all, uh, I should add to that is that, uh, I hope everyone in this room will want to make some contribution, uh, some of you are, uh, want to make a very large contribution some of you will, uh, uh, want to make, uh, a more modest contribution, but, uh, the important thing is to involve as many people as we possibly can. And I think we'll, uh, not today, we're not going to pass a hat today, so don't worry about that. [Laughter.] And, uh, uh, starting with the people in this room, and the good feeling in this room, we will spread out from coast to coast we will, uh, raise this money in all fifty states, we'll raise it ... uh, from every segment of society and we will be guided, uh, in our judgements and our efforts, uh, uh, I suspect primarily by Gerard Baker and by John Cook and by Ron Everhart.

LB: [Leonard Bruguier.] Uh, Grandma Redcherries, could you come forward and help me please?

JC: [John Cook.] We are going to make presentations starting with the honorable mentions. I'll wait till ... Ms. Redcherries gets up here ... Her Honor. Okay... [Pause.] John Buenz, Chicago, Honorable Mention. [Applause.]

JB: Thank you very much, thanks, thanks, Carol.

JC: [John Cook.] And I'll ask that the, uh, the winners not go anywhere, uh, far away, because after this ceremony is over we would like to get you all together with all the members of the advisory committee for some photographs. Thank you. Herb Fricke of Deegan-Fricke Team, Portland, Oregon. [Applause.] Mark Goodman, North Miami Beach, Florida. [Applause.] Peter Kindel, Chicago, Illinois. Peter here?

?: [Aunt of Peter Kindel.] He's not here, but he's my nephew, and-

JC: [John Cook.] Will you come forward and accept this for your nephew, please? [Applause.] John Reynolds, from the University of Oregon Team, Eugene, Oregon. [Applause.] And Michael Stewart, Crow Agency, Montana. [Scattered applause.] Michael's not here. Well, let's give him a round of applause. [Applause.] Now the big ones. Third place, Robert Lundgren, Philadelphia. [Applause.]

RL: [Robert Lundgren.] Black's always nice, but this might come in handy, too. [Laughter.]

JC: [John Cook.] Richard Borkowetz, Albuquerque, New Mexico. [Applause.] Congratulations.

RB: [Richard Borkowetz.] Thank you.

LB: [Leonard Bruguier.] You can cast that?

RB: [Richard Borkowetz.] I'll try. [Laughter.]

JC: And the first place, John Collins and Alison Towers. Mr. and Mrs.. [Applause.]

JM: I think they're going to want to get a picture of this one. [Laughter.] [Background noises, cameras.]

LB: [Leonard Bruguier.] I need a loan, to get home. [Laughter.]

AT: [Alison Towers.] No problem.

LB: [Leonard Bruguier.] I need some gas money. [Laughter.] You can borrow from this guy! [Laughter.] Gas money.

AC: [John Collins.] Thank you very much.

AT: [Alison Towers.] Thank you very much, I appreciated it, it's beautiful. [Applause.]

AC: [John Collins.] Thanks.

AT: [Alison Towers.] Thank you.

JC: I would be remised if I didn't include Bob Burley in the special thanks for the assistance he gave the advisory committee juring panel. Anybody who has judged any sort of contest knows how difficult this is. And for it to be truly a professional outcome, because there was so much professional and so much heart put into this, everything had to be done, and done well. And thank you for helping, we really appreciate that. [Applause.] I would like to announce and remind everybody that there is an event saturday, nine thir- seven thirty to nine thirty, the exhibit viewing will begin at six thirty and some of the, uh, very people who are responsible for the designs and members of the committee will be around. We'll close this with some more songs, but as we do, let me re-remind us, all of us present here today, because as Mr. Maddy said it's going to take us and a lot of others now to bring this to the next reality. Let's remember, "Peace Through Unity". ...Okay. Alright. I'm going to have several songs sung here, and I will start with the, uh, I'd like to have each one of the drums sing an honor song, and then a victory song and then I'm going to have two individuals sing. So, which drum goes first, Gerard? [Pause.] [Drum song.] [Recording stops.]

END OF SIDE TWO, TAPE ONE.

BEGINNING OF SIDE ONE, TAPE TWO.

[Recording begins, a drum song begins.] [Another drum song.]

JC: [John Cook.] Thank you. Now, Mr. Steve Emery. [Pause.]

SE: [Steve Emery.] [Mr. Emery speaks in Lakota.] My older brother, Tahunska Tanka, asked me if I would remember some relations. First of all, I would like to say that, uh, it's been my privilege over the years to sing with, uh, Chris Eagle Hawk and the Crazy Horse Singers. And his grandpa, Reverend Joseph Eagle Hawk is a direct descendant of He Dog ... who was made "wakijuza" at the same time that Tashunka Witko, Crazy Horse, was made a "wakijuza". And I was asked to remember Crazy Horse and He Dog, I'd like to remember my great-great-great grandfathers _____, Grindstone, and Flying By, I'd like to remember my great-great grandmother, _____, and ... that morning, she and her twin, _____, were down in the creek, I heard Mr. Amiotte say that, uh ... his great grandfather was seventeen, well, my great-great grandmothers were seventeen that time and ... there was talk about our people, you know, tried to make it look like, uh ... somehow we suffered the calvary into coming to attack us. But ... grandpa took me over to Little Bighorn when I was boy ... and, uh, my grandpa, _____, Jim Emery, he told me, he said, "you know," he said, "if they had any idea that a fight was coming that day, the women would have never been down bathing in the creek." He said they were lucky, he said they saw the dust coming and the boys came ... that were taking care of the horses and they told the people. And so for that reason ... our Lakota Koshkalaka, our young men, and the _____, and they even have a warrior woman that went out on fights with them, and they went out and they defended the people and like I was saying earlier, they won. And so, there are deeds today I want to remember with this first song, I'd also like to remember the contribution of the American Indian Movement, I was really proud that Senator Nighthorse Campbell remembered what happened in nineteen seventy-six, because it's my personal view, I happened to be a, I was honored to see, uh, Chief Justice Redcherries here, I'm chief justice for the Ogalala Lakota Nation Supreme Court, I'm also Attorney General of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, which is why I'm from a member of the Itazipco Band. "Without Bows" band, and ... we were there at the Little Bighorn as well, I'm also a Hunkpapa. And ... through the efforts of the American Indian Movement, a lot of people don't like to admit it but that effort that began there in nineteen seventy-six, _____, National Park Service didn't want to talk any Indians about anything over there. So they had to sneak in ... and put up a monument, I understand that monument is still in the collection over there. Mr. Baker just acknowledged that was true. Also I want to say is that one of the things that, I heard was that in nineteen-o-nine, Wannamaker sponsored a reunion, and, um, they brought all the people for it and ... we have a tradition that's called the _____. You got to give up kill talk for every feather that you wear. And ... all the brave men, each feather, what they did for that, they have to be able to tell it, and it's not just enough to tell it, somebody has to witness those things. And so those deeds that our ancestors did, our _____ did, we want to remember. [Pause.] [Mr. Emery sings.] [Mr. Emery speaks in Lakota.] [Pause.]

JC: [John Cook.] Thank you. We will close here shortly ... with a special honor song. Before we do, I want to thank everyone for coming, I want to thank all of the participants, the two drum groups, and I believe that the National Park Foundation people got away without us adequately thanking them ... for providing the funds and for providing the leaderships to continue in the fundraising. It was no small feat that these rather large checks, uh, came into being, and were presented to the very worth-while winners. We will close today with Austin Two Moons' doing an honor song for Austin Two Moons. [Pause.]

TM: [The brother of Austin Two Moons.] First of all I wanted to say Hau to the, uh, committee ... for sending an invitation to be here today. Uh, I'm proud to be here ... I'm going to do, uh ... do a journey song ... on behalf of Austin and Poor Bear, so just ... bear with me. [Song.]

JC: [John Cook.] Thank you. Now, let's ... join the reception, and thank you all again for coming. [Applause.] [Crowd noise. Drums.] Could we, uh, hold up on the eating just a second? We, uh, Leonard reminded me we need to have a prayer before we eat. [Pause.]

LLB: [Lee Lone Bear] Uh, we have to say the pray before ... before we eat, so bear with me, I'm going to make it short. [Prayer.] [Crowd noises, drums.] [Recording ends.]

END OF SIDE ONE, TAPE TWO. END OF TRANSCRIPT.