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- Arun Singh
Arun Singh
Faculty
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor Biomedical & Translational Sciences
Specialty
Motor and Cognitive Control
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Dr. Arun Singh is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences (BaTS). He received his Ph.D. from Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) Munich and completed postdoctoral research at Emory University. Prior to joining the faculty, he worked as a Staff Scientist at the University of Iowa.
Clinical Neurosciences, Movement Disorders, Cognitive Disorders, Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum
The primary research goal of the Singh Lab is to understand the neural mechanisms underlying gait, balance, and cognitive-motor impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our research focuses on oscillatory activity and functional interactions across cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar networks using electroencephalography (EEG), neuroimaging, and non-invasive neuromodulation approaches, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). A major emphasis of the lab is understanding how cognitive demands influence lower-limb motor control, gait, balance, and freezing of gait in PD.
Current research projects in the Singh Lab aim to: (1) characterize neural oscillations and network dynamics associated with lower-limb movements, including rhythmic lower-limb movements and walking; (2) identify neural mechanisms underlying cognitive-motor interference and freezing of gait during dual-task performance in individuals with and without freezing of gait; and (3) investigate open-loop and advanced closed-loop neuromodulation strategies to improve gait, balance, lower-limb motor control, and cognition in PD.
The lab integrates neural recordings with quantitative measures of human movement. Our research infrastructure includes EEG and fNIRS systems, wearable sensors for assessing gait and balance, instrumented treadmill-based testing, APDM wearable motion sensors for laboratory and real-world mobility assessment, and a body-weight support system for safe evaluation of individuals with impaired balance. The lab is also equipped with TMS and tES systems for mechanistic and interventional neuromodulation studies.
Together, these approaches are designed to identify neural biomarkers of gait and balance dysfunction and translate them into physiology-guided neuromodulation strategies for Parkinson’s disease.
- Postdoctoral, Neuroscience, Emory University, 2016
- Ph D, Neuroscience, Ludwig Maximilian University, 2011
- MS, Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, 2006
- BS, Biology, Bundelkhand University, 2002
- The effect of in-home resistance training and add-on cortical electrical stimulation on gait in PD, Seed for Success Foundation, (2023 - 2023)
- Mid-frontal/cerebellar theta activity correlates with balance dysfunction in PD, Center for Brain and Behavioral Research, (2021 - 2022)
Citations listed below are presented in a standardized, modified format for display purposes only. They do not necessarily reflect the preferred style and conventions of the faculty member or discipline.
- Rasmussen, Nicholas R., Rizk, Rodrigue, Wang, Longwei, Singh, Arun, and KC, Santosh. Channel-Selected Stratified Nested Cross-Validation for Clinically Relevant EEG-Based Parkinson’s Disease Detection. In 2026 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence (CAI), 91-97. IEEE, 2026. (DOI: 10.1109/cai68641.2026.11536517)
- Mitin, Shomoita J., Rizk, Rodrigue, Scherer, Maximilian, Koeglsperger, Thomas, Lench, Daniel, KC, Santosh, and Singh, Arun. Bi‐Cephalic Self‐Attended Model to Classify Parkinson's Disease Patients With Freezing of Gait. Vol. 63, Iss. 4 European Journal of Neuroscience, 2026. (DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70433)
- Roy, S, Nuamah, J, Bosch, Taylor, Barsainya, R, Scherer, M, Koeglsperger, T, KC, Santosh, and Singh, Arun. EEG-Based Classification of Parkinson's Disease With Freezing of Gait Using Midfrontal Beta Oscillations., 39023. Vol. 24, Iss. 6 Journal of integrative neuroscience, 2025. (DOI: 10.31083/JIN39023)
- Chowdhury, M A., Rizk, Rodrigue, Chiu, C, Zhang, J J., Scholl, J L., Bosch, Taylor, Singh, Arun, Baugh, Lee A., McGough, J S., KC, Santosh, and Chen WCW. The Heart of Transformation: Exploring Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Disease.. Vol. 13, Iss. 2 Biomedicines, 2025. (DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13020427)
- Bosch, Taylor, Groth, C, Espinoza, A I., Bharmauria, V, Flouty, O, and Singh, Arun. Cerebellar Oscillatory Patterns in Essential Tremor: Modulatory Effects of VIM-DBS., 40. Vol. 24, Iss. 2 Cerebellum (London, England), 2025. (DOI: 10.1007/s12311-025-01787-1)
- Bosch, Taylor, Cole, R C., Vuong, S M., Flouty, O, and Singh, Arun. Modulation of Cerebellar Oscillations with Subthalamic Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.. Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2024. (DOI: 10.3233/JPD-240065)
- Bosch, Taylor, Espinoza, A I., and Singh, Arun. Cerebellar oscillatory dysfunction during lower-limb movement in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait., 148334. Vol. 1808 Brain research, 2023. (DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148334)
- Bosch, Taylor, Cole, R C., Bezchlibnyk, Y, Flouty, O, and Singh, Arun. Effects of Very Low- and High-Frequency Subthalamic Stimulation on Motor Cortical Oscillations During Rhythmic Lower-Limb Movements in Parkinson's Disease Patients., 549-561. Vol. 13, Iss. 4 Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2023. (DOI: 10.3233/JPD-225113)
- Bosch, Taylor, Groth, C, and Singh, Arun. Resting-State Low-Frequency Cerebellar Oscillations Can Be Abnormal in Parkinson's Disease., 1139-1143. Vol. 21, Iss. 6 Cerebellum (London, England), 2022. (DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01343-7)
- Bosch, Taylor, Espinoza, A I., Mancini, M, Horak, F B., and Singh, Arun. Functional Connectivity in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Freezing of Gait Using Resting-State EEG and Graph Theory., 715-725. Vol. 36, Iss. 10-11 Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 2022. (DOI: 10.1177/15459683221129282)
- Masilamoni, G J., Sinon, C G., Kochoian, B A., Singh, Arun, McRiner, A J., Leventhal, L, and Papa, S M.. Phosphodiesterase 9 inhibition prolongs the antiparkinsonian action of l-DOPA in parkinsonian non-human primates., 109060. Vol. 212 Neuropharmacology, 2022. (DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109060)
- Bosch, T J., Barsainya, R, Ridder, A, KC, Santosh, and Singh, Arun. Interval timing and midfrontal delta oscillations are impaired in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait., 2599-2609. Vol. 269, Iss. 5 Journal of neurology, 2022. (DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10843-9)
- Bosch, Taylor, Barsainya, R, Ridder, A, KC, Santosh, and Singh, Arun. Interval timing and midfrontal delta oscillations are impaired in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait., 2599-2609. Vol. 269, Iss. 5 Journal of neurology, 2022. (DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10843-9)
- Navid, M S., Kammermeier, S, Niazi, I K., Sharma, V D., Vuong, S M., Bötzel, K, Greenlee JDW, and Singh, Arun. Cognitive task-related oscillations in human internal globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus., 113787. Vol. 424 Behavioural brain research, 2022. (DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113787)
- Cole, R C., Espinoza, A I., Singh, Arun, Berger, Jason, Cavanagh, J F., Wessel, J R., Greenlee, J D., and Narayanan, N S.. Novelty-induced frontal-STN networks in Parkinson's disease.. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2022. (DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac078)
- Bandyopadhyay, Ahana, Ghosh, Sourodip, Bose, Moinak, Singh, Arun, Othmani, Alice, and KC, Santosh. Alzheimer's Disease Detection Using Ensemble Learning and Artificial Neural Networks. In Recent Trends in Image Processing and Pattern Recognition - 5th International Conference, RTIP2R 2022, Kingsville, TX, USA, December 1-2, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, editors Santosh, KC; Goyal, Ayush; Aouada, Djamila; Makkar, Aaisha; Chiang, Yao-Yi; Singh, Satish Kumar, 12--21. Vol. 1704 Springer, 2022. (DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23599-3\_2)
- Singh, Arun, Roy, S, and KC, Santosh. Cortical oscillatory feature-based classification of Parkinson's disease with freezing gait. In MOVEMENT DISORDERS, S658--S658. Vol. 37
- Groth, C L., Singh, Arun, Zhang, Q, Berman, B D., and Narayanan, N S.. GABAergic Modulation in Movement Related Oscillatory Activity: A Review of the Effect Pharmacologically and with Aging., 48. Vol. 11 Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.), 2021. (DOI: 10.5334/tohm.655)
- Bosch, T J., Groth, C, and Singh, Arun. Resting-State Low-Frequency Cerebellar Oscillations Can Be Abnormal in Parkinson's Disease.. Cerebellum (London, England), 2021. (DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01343-7)
- Bosch, Taylor, Kammermeier, S, Groth, C, Leedom, Matt, Hanson, Elizabeth, Berg-Poppe, Patti, and Singh, Arun. Cortical and Cerebellar Oscillatory Responses to Postural Instability in Parkinson's Disease., 752271. Vol. 12 Frontiers in neurology, 2021. (DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.752271)
- Bosch, Taylor, Groth, C, Eldridge, T A., Gnimpieba, Etienne, Baugh, Lee A., and Singh, Arun. Altered Cerebellar Oscillations in Parkinson's Disease Patients during Cognitive and Motor Tasks., 185-196. Vol. 475 Neuroscience, 2021. (DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.021)
- Singh, Arun, Cole, R C., Espinoza, A I., Evans, A, Cao, S, Cavanagh, J F., and Narayanan, N S.. Timing variability and midfrontal ~4 Hz rhythms correlate with cognition in Parkinson's disease., 14. Vol. 7, Iss. 1 NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2021. (DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00158-x)
- Bosch, Taylor J., Groth, Christopher, Eldridge, Tiffany A., Gnimpieba, Etienne, Baugh, Lee A., and Singh, Arun. Altered Cerebellar Oscillations in Parkinson's Disease Patients during Cognitive and Motor Tasks, 185-196. Vol. 475 NEUROSCIENCE, 2021. (DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.021)
- Singh, Arun, and Papa, S M.. Striatal oscillations in parkinsonian non-human primates.. Neuroscience, 2020. (DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.004)
- Anjum, M F., Dasgupta, S, Mudumbai, R, Singh, Arun, Cavanagh, J F., and Narayanan, N S.. Linear predictive coding distinguishes spectral EEG features of Parkinson's disease., 79-85. Vol. 79 Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2020. (DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.08.001)
- Espinoza, Arturo I., Scholl, Jamie L., and Singh, Arun. TMS bursts can modulate local and networks oscillations during lower-limb movement in elderly subjects. bioRxiv, 2020. (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.19.257980)
- Singh, Arun, Cole, Rachel C., Espinoza, Arturo I., Brown, Darin, Cavanagh, James F., and Narayanan, Nandakumar. Frontal theta and beta oscillations during lower-limb movement in Parkinson’s disease. Clinical Neurophysiology, 2020.
- Singh, Arun, and Papa, Stella M.. Aberrant striatal oscillations after dopamine loss in parkinsonian non-human primates, 650770. bioRxiv, 2019.
- Singh, Arun, Trapp, Nicholas T., De Corte, Benjamin, Cao, Scarlett, Kingyon, Johnathon, Boes, Aaron D., and Parker, Krystal L.. Cerebellar Theta Frequency Transcranial Pulsed Stimulation Increases Frontal Theta Oscillations in Patients with Schizophrenia, 1-11. The Cerebellum, 2019.
- Singh, Arun, Cao, Scarlett, Kingyon, Johnathon, and Parker, Krystal L.. Proceedings# 32: Effects of cerebellar delta and theta frequency tACS on cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia, e99-e100. Vol. 12, Iss. 2 Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation, 2019.
- Beck, Goichi, Singh, Arun, Zhang, Jie, Potts, Lisa F., Woo, Jong-Min, Park, Eun S., Mochizuki, Hideki, Mouradian, M M., and Papa, Stella M.. Role of striatal ΔFosB in l-Dopa–induced dyskinesias of parkinsonian nonhuman primates, 18664-18672. Vol. 116, Iss. 37 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019.
- Beck, Goichi, Singh, Arun, and Papa, Stella M.. Dysregulation of striatal projection neurons in Parkinson’s disease, 449-460. Vol. 125, Iss. 3 Journal of Neural Transmission, 2018.
- Singh, Arun, Jenkins, Meagan A., Burke, Jr, Kenneth J., Beck, Goichi, Jenkins, Andrew, Scimemi, Annalisa, Traynelis, Stephen F., and Papa, Stella M.. Glutamatergic tuning of hyperactive striatal projection neurons controls the motor response to dopamine replacement in parkinsonian primates, 941-952. Vol. 22, Iss. 4 Cell reports, 2018.
- Singh, Arun, Richardson, Sarah P., Narayanan, Nandakumar, and Cavanagh, James F.. Mid-frontal theta activity is diminished during cognitive control in Parkinson's disease, 113-122. Vol. 117 Neuropsychologia, 2018.
- Singh, Arun. Oscillatory activity in the cortico‐basal ganglia‐thalamic neural circuits in Parkinson's disease, 2869-2878. Vol. 48, Iss. 8 European Journal of Neuroscience, 2018.
- Kammermeier, Stefan, Dietrich, Lucia, Maierbeck, Kathrin, Plate, Annika, Lorenzl, Stefan, Singh, Arun, Ahmadi, Ahmad, and Bötzel, Kai. Postural stabilization differences in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy during self-triggered fast forward weight lifting, 743. Vol. 8 Frontiers in neurology, 2018.
- Kammermeier, Stefan, Maierbeck, Kathrin, Dietrich, Lucia, Plate, Annika, Lorenzl, Stefan, Singh, Arun, Bötzel, Kai, and Maurer, Christoph. Qualitative postural control differences in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease vs. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy with dynamic-on-static platform tilt, 1137-1147. Vol. 129, Iss. 6 Clinical Neurophysiology, 2018.
- Kammermeier, Stefan, Singh, Arun, and Bötzel, Kai. Intermediate latency-evoked Potentials of Multimodal cortical Vestibular areas: galvanic stimulation, 587. Vol. 8 Frontiers in neurology, 2017.
- Kammermeier, Stefan, Dietrich, Lucia, Maierbeck, Kathrin, Plate, Annika, Lorenzl, Stefan, Singh, Arun, and Bötzel, Kai. Neck Vibration Proprioceptive Postural response intact in Progressive supranuclear Palsy unlike idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease. Vol. 8 Frontiers in neurology, 2017.
- Plate, A, Klein, K, Pelykh, O, Singh, Anneliese, and Bötzel, K. Anticipatory postural adjustments are unaffected by age and are not absent in patients with the freezing of gait phenomenon, 2609-2618. Vol. 234, Iss. 9 Experimental brain research, 2016.
- Singh, Arun, Mewes, Klaus, Gross, Robert E., DeLong, Mahlon R., Obeso, José A., and Papa, Stella M.. Human striatal recordings reveal abnormal discharge of projection neurons in Parkinson’s disease, 9629-9634. Vol. 113, Iss. 34 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016.
- Singh, Arun, Liang, Li, Kaneoke, Yoshiki, Cao, Xuebing, and Papa, Stella M.. Dopamine regulates distinctively the activity patterns of striatal output neurons in advanced parkinsonian primates, 1533-1544. Vol. 113, Iss. 5 Journal of neurophysiology, 2015.
- Potts, Lisa F., Park, Eun S., Woo, Jong‐Min, Dyavar Shetty, Bhagya L., Singh, Arun, Braithwaite, Steven P., Voronkov, Michael, Papa, Stella M., and Mouradian, M M.. Dual κ‐agonist/μ‐antagonist opioid receptor modulation reduces levodopa‐induced dyskinesia and corrects dysregulated striatal changes in the nonhuman primate model of P arkinson disease, 930-941. Vol. 77, Iss. 6 Annals of neurology, 2015.
- Singh, Arun, Gutekunst, Claire A., Uthayathas, Subramaniam, Finberg, John P., Mewes, Klaus, Gross, Robert E., Papa, Stella M., and Feld, Yair. Effects of fibroblast transplantation into the internal pallidum on levodopa-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian non-human primates, 705-713. Vol. 31, Iss. 6 Neuroscience bulletin, 2015.
- Kammermeier, S, Singh, Arun, Noachtar, S, Krotofil, I, and Bötzel, K. Intermediate latency evoked potentials of cortical multimodal vestibular areas: acoustic stimulation, 614-625. Vol. 126, Iss. 3 Clinical Neurophysiology, 2015.
- Potts, Lisa F., Wu, Hao, Singh, Arun, Marcilla, Irene, Luquin, Maria R., and Papa, Stella M.. Modeling Parkinson's disease in monkeys for translational studies, a critical analysis, 133-143. Vol. 256 Experimental neurology, 2014.
- Levin, Johannes, Singh, Arun, Feddersen, Berend, Mehrkens, Jan‐Hinnerk, and Bötzel, Kai. Onset latency of segmental dystonia after deep brain stimulation cessation: A randomized, double‐blind crossover trial, 944-949. Vol. 29, Iss. 7 Movement Disorders, 2014.
- Singh, Arun, Plate, Annika, Kammermeier, Stefan, Mehrkens, Jan H., Ilmberger, Josef, and Bötzel, Kai. Freezing of gait-related oscillatory activity in the human subthalamic nucleus, 25-32. Vol. 3, Iss. 1 Basal Ganglia, 2013.
- Singh, Arun, and Bötzel, Kai. Globus pallidus internus oscillatory activity is related to movement speed, 3644-3649. Vol. 38, Iss. 11 European Journal of Neuroscience, 2013.
- Singh, Arun. Pathophysiological Neuronal Oscillations: Invasive Recordings from the Basal Ganglia. In Textbook of Movement Disorders.
- Singh, Arun, Mehrkens, Jan H., and Bötzel, Kai. Effect of micro lesions of the basal ganglia on ballistic movements in patients with deep brain stimulation, 175-177. Vol. 314, Iss. 1-2 Journal of the neurological sciences, 2012.
- Singh, Arun, Kammermeier, Stefan, Mehrkens, Jan H., and Bötzel, Kai. Movement kinematic after deep brain stimulation associated microlesions, 1022-1026. Vol. 83, Iss. 10 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2012.
- Singh, Arun, Levin, Johannes, Mehrkens, Jan H., and Bötzel, Kai. Alpha frequency modulation in the human basal ganglia is dependent on motor task, 960-967. Vol. 33, Iss. 5 European Journal of Neuroscience, 2011.
- Singh, Arun, Kammermeier, Stefan, Plate, Annika, Mehrkens, Jan H., Ilmberger, Josef, and Bötzel, Kai. Pattern of local field potential activity in the globus pallidus internum of dystonic patients during walking on a treadmill, 162-167. Vol. 232, Iss. 2 Experimental neurology, 2011.
- Sharma, Varsha, Babu, P P., Singh, Arun, Singh, Sangeeta, and Singh, Rameshwar. Iron-induced experimental cortical seizures: electroencephalographic mapping of seizure spread in the subcortical brain areas, 680-690. Vol. 16, Iss. 8 Seizure, 2007.
- Leedom, Matt, Berg-Poppe, Patti, Espinoza, Arturo I., and Singh, Arun. Cognitive Flexibility is Critical for Postural Control in People with Parkinson's Disease. Iss. December 2025 Baltimore, MD: Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology/Wolters Kluwer Health.
- Travel award , Movement Disorder Society, 2018
- Travel award, MONA2, University of Pittsburgh, 2016
- Travel award, World Parkinson Congress, 2016
- Travel award, World Parkinson Congress, 2013
- Best publication award, LMU, Munich, 2011
- Travel award, EFNS , 2011
- Travel award, Movement Disorder Society, 2011
- Travel award, World Federation of Neurology, 2009
- DFG Research Fellowship, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2008
- Junior Research Fellowship, DST, India, 2006
- Postgraduate Fellowship, DBT, India, 2004
